Data
HOUSE PRICE TO INCOME
In —, —
Country comparison
Periods differ by country (2024 to Q1 2026). Click a bar to switch country.
Solid bars are Demographia's median of each country's major-market multiples, not national values; Singapore covers only the HDB resale market.Hollow bars use a different method from Demographia (median house price ÷ median pre-tax household income); treat them as a reference, not a direct comparison.
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| Country / territory | Price-to-income ratio (×) | Method | Source | Period | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singapore | 4.3 | Same method | Demographia | Q3 2025 | median house price ÷ median pre-tax household income; HDB resale market (public housing) only; private housing is excluded |
| United States | 4.5 | Same method | Demographia | Q3 2025 | median house price ÷ median pre-tax household income; Major-market median: the median of 58 metropolitan markets' multiples, not a national value; Harvard JCHS national figure: nearly 5× (2025) |
| United Kingdom | 5.2 | Same method | Demographia | Q3 2025 | median house price ÷ median pre-tax household income; Major-market median: the median of 23 metropolitan markets' multiples, not a national value; ONS England: 7.63× (2025; the denominator is individual full-time earnings) |
| Canada | 5.4 | Same method | Demographia | Q3 2025 | median house price ÷ median pre-tax household income; Major-market median: the median of 6 metropolitan markets' multiples, not a national value |
| Australia | 9.9 | Same method | Demographia | Q3 2025 | median house price ÷ median pre-tax household income; Major-market median: the median of 5 metropolitan markets' multiples, not a national value |
| Hong Kong | 14.1 | Same method | Demographia | Q3 2025 | median house price ÷ median pre-tax household income; Demographia covers only one market, Hong Kong |
| Japan | 6.3 | Different method (FLAT35 borrowers) | Japan Housing Finance Agency, FLAT35 borrower survey | FY2025 | each borrower household's required funds ÷ annual household income (incl. bonuses, pre-tax), median; Covers only households taking out a FLAT35 mortgage; it is the median of each household's multiple, not median price ÷ median income. |
| South Korea | 6.3 | Different method (owner-occupiers) | Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (Korea), Korea Housing Survey | 2024 | home value of owner-occupier households ÷ annual household income, median; Covers only owner-occupier households; the price is the value of homes already owned (stock), not current market transactions. |
| Taiwan | 9.47 | Different method (disposable income) | Ministry of the Interior (Taiwan), Real Estate Information Platform | Q1 2026 | median home price ÷ median household disposable income; The denominator is household disposable (after-tax) income, which is smaller than pre-tax income, so the same price gives a higher multiple. |
| Germany | — | No official level | — | — | No official national house price-to-income ratio (median price ÷ median income) could be found for Germany. |
| China | — | No official national level | — | — | China's official statistics do not publish a house price-to-income ratio, and no primary report of private estimates could be found. |